Dogs have been commonly poisoned with malicious intent by tainting food. Genotoxicity of aldicarb and methomyl was explored. These toxicity values are currently used primarily by the transport sector for classification for packing groups. Nudrin lv insecticide is not a skin sensitizer in animals. No deaths occurred in rats or rabbits at the doses shown in table 4. Methomyl is not a skin irritant or sensitizer and is only. Guidance for waiving acute dermal toxicity tests for. Specific target organ toxicity single exposure 1 specific target organ toxicity repeated exposure 1 label elements osha hcs 2012 danger. The oral ld 50 in rats is 17 mgkg, and the dermal ld 50 in rabbits is 2,000 mgkg. For the two remaining chemicals less than 1%, as noted above, factors other than the dermal acute toxicity may influence labelling requirements. The pesticide manual, a world compendium 10th edition 19. Pdf methomyl, a potent anticholinesterase carbamate insecticide, is markedly toxic in man following suicidal ingestion. The aldicarb and methomyl were diluted by the deionized water respectively, and then five concentrations of aldicarb were generated as 0.
Chronic toxicity specific to active ingredients in a 2 year feeding study in rats at feeding levels, 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm. Carbamate insecticides toxicity toxicology veterinary. The probable oral lethal dose for humans is between 7 drops and 1 teaspoon for a 150 pound adult. The acute toxicity of ametryn and methomyl was evaluated by use of the toxalert100 biological test, which is based on inhibition of the bioluminescence of vibrio fischeri. Cas no hazardous component concentration ghs classification 16752775 methomyl 1 % xi, irritating. Thiodicarb may result in chronic isks to certain species that frequent short grass e. Methomyl lannate, nudrin methomyl insecticide accident history. There was significant correlation between results from primary and ultimate biodegradation and those from determination of toxicity. Ld50 rat 30 mgkg for methomyl for methanol, toxicity values vary widely in the literature, but values are always much higher than methomyl.
Baron, 1991 vomiting, seizures and death are the most common clinical signs. Methomyl, as a degradate, poses acute risks to birds and mammals that feed on. Review clinical and post mortem aspects of methomyl. Methomyl has high acute oral toxicity, with an oral ld 5 in the rat of 1745 mgkg body weight. This section summarises the values related to toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria from all registered dossiers for the substance. Methomyl is classed as being highly toxic to humans via oral exposures, moderately toxic via inhalation, and slightly toxic via dermal exposure. Although methomyl is likely to have high acute oral toxicity for wildlife mammals, it is. Methomyl is an oxime carbamate insecticide no longer approved for use in the eu. Tests on bacterial or mammalian cell cultures did not show mutagenic effects.
The toxicity of this product is almost entirely due to the methomyl component. The agency has classified methomyl as a group e, not likely to be carcinogenic to humans via relevant routes of exposure based on the results of the. The primary symptom in acute methomyl poisoning is severe headaches, which may be accompanied by less severe symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, salivation, and abdominal pain. Acute oral, dermal, and inhalation toxicity and also avian hazards terbufos organophosphate 15.
Fact sheet reregistration eligibility decision red methomyl. Methomyl is not listed as a carcinogen by the iarc, ntp, osha and acgih. The dermal toxicity of methomyl in the rabbit is low with an ld 50 of 2000 mgkg body weight. The acute oral toxicity of methomyl in the rat is high with an ld 50 of 1745 mgkg body weight. Pope, in encyclopedia of toxicology second edition, 2005 human. Hazards identification risks very toxic if swallowed. The agency has classified methomyl as a group e, not likely to be carcino genic to humans via relevant routes of exposure based on the results. It is an ideal permeant of skin and has been reported to accelerate the dermal penetration of pharmaceuticals, raising the concern that deet may also increase dermal penetration of pesticides, since they are often used together. Villa methomyl 90 sp safety data sheet page 1 of 5.
Inhalation of high concentrations of vapour can cause cns depression, loss of coordination, impaired judgement and unconsciousness. Methomyl cas 16752775 ld50 rat dermal acute mgkg ld50 rat inhalation 0. No target organ effect was seen upon histopathological examination. The dose must also be considered since a compound with a high ld 50. The acute oral and dermal toxicity of two new ethylcarbamates.
Methomyl is highly toxic via the oral route, with reported oral ld50 values of 17 to 24 mgkg in rats 10. Material may be irritating to the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. Response to registration standard requirement of residue data. It is also highly toxic to rats by the inhalation route, with a 4h lc of. Acute toxicity dermal category 3 acute toxicity inhalation vapors category 4 serious eye damageeye irritation category 2a. Based on animal data, skin contact with nudrin lv insecticide may cause dermal irritation erythema and edema. Chronic delayed repeated dermal exposure to methomyl may result in cholinesterase depression. Epa i methomyl is a carbamate compound, which inhibits cholinesterase. Acute exposure guideline levels aegls for methomyl 9 10. Chronic delayed repeated exposure to methomyl via inhalation may result in cholinesterase depression.
Methomyl powder, weighing approximately 5 g, amounts to approximately 30 mgkg. Insecticide methomyl is a broad spectrum nmethyl oxyimidothioate carbamate insecticide with both contact and oral toxicity to control. Recognition and management of pesticide poisonings. Repeated exposure to methomyl via inhalation may result in cholinesterase depression. Skin acute immediate dermal absorption of methomyl may result in cholinesterase depression. Methomyl is moderately to highly toxic to fish, with reported ld50 values of 3. The draft rcd characterizes the noncancer health risks from methomyl associated with dermal and inhalation exposure of workers, inhalation exposure of bystanders occupational and residential, and dietary exposures. Methomyl is not likely to be a carcinogen epa carcinogen category e. However, for methomyl a dermal toxicity study is available duponthl1997009 in which the primary and most sensitive toxicological effect, reductions in acetyl cholinesterase, were measured. Methomyl is highly toxic via the oral, ocular and inhalation routes of exposure, but has a low toxicity via the dermal route. May cause eye, skin, or respiratory system irritation. Index for methomyl pc code 090301 pesticides us epa.
In acute toxicity testing, methomyl is placed in epa toxicity category i the highest toxicity category out of four via the oral route and in eye irritation studies. Acute oral ld 50 s for methomyl technical formulations were between 7 and 34 mgkg toxicity category i for rats. Symptoms of methomyl exposure are similar to those caused by other carbamates and cholinesterase inhibitors. Acute immediate inhalation of methomyl may result in cholinesterase depression. For example, carbofuran has a rat oral ld 50 of 5 mgkg, compared to a rat dermal ld 50 of 120 mgkg, which makes the oral route approximately 24 times more toxic when ingested. Methomyl has an oral ld50 reported to be 1248 mgkg rat and a dermal ld50 reported in the range of greater than to more than 2400 rat and 556 to greater than 1500 mgkg rabbit hayes and laws, 1991. Do not apply directly to water or to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean highwater mark. Methomyl did not exhibit systemic dermal toxicity in rabbits, probably because it didnt penetrate the skin. Human exposures to methomyl divided into three toxicity categories based on exposure route. Inhalation of product may aggravate existing chronic respiratory problems such as asthma, emphysema or bronchitis. June 2009 page 6 of 35 1 summary 2 3 methomyl cas no. Methomyl is also highly toxic to birds, fish, aquatic invertebrates and bees. It is also toxic for the rat via inhalation with a 4h lc 50 of 0.
The componentmixture is low toxic after short term inhalation. Acute toxicity is determined by examining the dermal toxicity. In addition, eye and skin irritation are also examined. It is highly toxic to mammals and a cholinesterase inhibitor. Acute toxicity oral acute toxicity ld50 rabbit 2000 mgkg for methomyl dermal. Assessment of acute oral and dermal toxicity of 2 ethyl.
European food safety authority 200623, methomyl is highly toxic via the oral, ocular, and inhalation routes of exposure, but it has a low toxicity via the dermal route. The potential dermal exposure to pesticide sprays can be measured with the patch method fenske, 1990 or with the whole body dosimetry method. Methomyl is highly toxic to birds and mammals on an acute oral basis but only slightly toxic to birds on a subacute dietary basis. For acute skin irritation, methomyl produced no irritation category iv. The classification is based primarily on the acute oral and dermal toxicity to the rat since.
Analysis and toxicity of methomyl and ametryn after. Estrous cycle and early pregnancy of white mice exposed to. Methomyl places in toxicity category ii via the inhalation route. Exposure and risk assessment of insecticide methomyl for. According to acute toxicity test, it covers all toxicity categories such as. Sections i health hazard assessments for noncarcinogenic effects and.
However, some cases of fatal poisoning by methomyl caused 4by transdermal absorption have been reported, 24, 25. Causes damage to organs via inhalation, dermal, ingestion causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure via inhalation, dermal, ingestion. It is highly soluble in water but has a low volatility and would not normally be expected to leach to groundwater. Acute toxicity chemical name oral ld50 dermal ld50 inhalation lc50 methomyl 51 mgkg rat 1,050 mgkg rat 0. Prolonged contact may cause eye corrosion or ulceration. Download safety data sheet sds pdf cayman chemical. Deet can enter the body through several pathways, including dermal and ocular exposures, inhalation, and ingestion. Specific target organ toxicity single exposure category 1. For acute dermal effects methomyl is in toxicity category iii.
Methomyl is highly toxic by the oral route, moderately toxic by inhalation, and has low dermal toxicity. Did not show carcinogenic effects in animal experiments. More information on processable studies and datawaiving is available in the section. Ingestion, dermal absorption, inhalationand eye contact. Review clinical and post mortem aspects of methomyl intoxication. Contact with skin, inhalation of spray, or swallowing may be fatal.
Ametryn toxicity is class iii, which means slightly toxic 4. Factors impacting study interpretation and outcome sundeep a. Due to the low dermal toxicity and limited exposure from soil application, there is an acceptable level of risk to workers from the application of vydate l in carrots. Epa, 1987 clinical signs can be seen within 30 minutes of ingestion. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Toxicity category for the oral acute toxicity study, the labelling requirements would have been equally or more protective. Methomyl is used as an insecticide on field crops such as 5 vegetables, soybeans, and cotton and on some fruits and ornamentals. It is not normally persistent in soil or water systems.
Because of the slower absorption phase of methomyl, acute dermal toxicity is low. Methomyl has high oral toxicity, moderate inhalation toxicity and low skin toxicity. The who recommended classification of pesticides by hazard. The primary symptom in acute methomyl poisoning is. Methomyl was negative in numerous assays to evaluate mutagenicity and genotoxicity, including ames test, reverse mutation assay, recessive lethal assay, three dna damage studies, an unscheduled dna synthesis assay, and in vitro and in vivo cytogenic assays. Cattle have been reported to be poisoned after consumption of forage inadvertently sprayed with methomyl. Symptoms of methomyl exposure are similar to those caused by other carbamates and cholinesterase inhibitors 5. Contact with skin, inhalation of dust or spray, or swallowing may be fatal. It is not an eye or skin irritant and does not cause skin sensitisation. Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause longterm adverse effects in the aquatic environment. The survival of the methomyllaced pigeons as live bait may be explained by the low dermal toxicity of methomyl. Hazards identification hazard pictograms signal words danger hazard classes. Methomyl is highly toxic via the oral route, with reported oral ld50 values of 17 to 24 mgkg in rats 10, 10 mgkg in mice, and 15 mgkg in guinea pigs 5. It is in lower toxicity categories for inhalation category ii, acute dermal effects category iii, and acute skin irritation category iv.
1233 831 968 1293 128 1456 1625 1005 1706 1006 1216 1071 1547 1153 663 1417 17 1588 1003 226 1488 846 766 324 1727 387 1596 956 1175 914 793 1794 903 1061 63